Turbosupercharger



. Aug. 27, 1946. A. J. LARREcQ TURBOsUPERCHARMJR Filed June 10, 1941 2 Sheets- Sheet 2 Fig. 2.

@L w T w VyMA .www/ .n H t Patented Aug. 27, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT O FFICE 2,406,388 TURBOSUPERCHARGER Anthony J. Larrecq. Indianapolis, Ind.. assignor to General Electric Company, a

New Yor Application J une 10, 1941,

4 Claims.

economy are attained.

For a consideration of what panying drawings.

The drawing Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional View of a tur Fig. 2 is a section along line 2*2 of Fig. 1; and

shown in the draw- IIJ, a centrifugal turbine and for supporting the turbine on the compressor. Turbosuperchargers, especially when used on aircraft, are operated at high speeds of the order o f 20,000 R. P. M. and above. The provision of a speed-increasing gearing for dimensions ofthe turbine. My invention particularly relates to an improved arrangement for lubrication of such gearing.

shaft I8 forming a bore I9 by means of a plurality of bolts 2B.

e nozzle box has an essentially ring-shaped for connection and a speed-increasing gearwheel is secured to a hollow anged corporation of Serial No. 397,378

`gearing I2.

In order to reduce the nozzle box, a jacket is provided which subpported thereon by connectmembers 2S. An inner porforms a plurality of openings cooling medium to the space and the walls 24,

ing and supporting tion of the wall 24 21 for conducting formed between the casing 2| The jacket wall 24 is provided with a plurality of lugs 3| Vfor s pporting the nozzle box on the In'order to cool the downstream side of the turbine Wheel, a suitable cooling cap may be used, as shown in Fig. 1.

to an understanding of the i? are secured to and integrally formed with the nut' 69. A set of uid directing vanes 'II is arranged ahead of the auX- iliary impeller blades 69 andV supported on and secured to the inlet conduit 65. The inner edges shaped cup 'I2 adjacent the nut 69. Another-*set The details 'of this cooling `auxiliary blades 63 and thermain blades 5%. `wire mesh screen is secured to the `of solid matter into the interior of the cornpresser.

` of the main impeller l scroll Sli.

. the impeller 63 into pressure energy. l fuser 'it is located in a central portion of the Y jection of the end of the compresso-r shaft near the impeller is sup-p ported on a-journal bearing H35 secured to the and H39.

Vshaft l Q3, with two respectively,` secured of circumferentially spaced fluid directing Vanes or nozzle partitions 13 is arranged between the A. 'E4 held between two rings 'l5 inlet conduit 65 to reduce access During operation the set of vanes or partitions "H direct uid to be compressed towards the auX-r iliary blades 16. The latter impel such fluid in axial direction towards the vanes 13 which, in turn, direct th'e uid towards the .inlet portions blades Si. The iluid is impelled by the blades 6i mainly action and forced radially outward into 'the Ardiiuser 19 is provided for converting part of the velocity energy of the medium impelled Vby The difsci-c1154 and comprises a plurality-of'varies 3) having opposite edges secured centered on the two rcasing halves @l and 62 respectively. The rings or lwalls 8l. and 82 are rigidly secured to the casing halves l and 52 circuinierentially spaced bolts B3 and fifi respectively. An outer portion of the compressor casingiorms a anged opening 85 for dischargingcompressed ymedium to a consumer such as an internal combustion engine. f f

The gearing from the turbine and for supporting the latter onA the compressor' comprises-a casing 9e having three outer arms orbrackets 9! with axial bores 92 for receiving the bolts 84. These bolts project throughropenings in the aforementionedpbrackets 'si o the nozzle boxfand` are Avrigidly secured to the brackets el and the brackets 3l ;by means of nuts Q3 thus formin'ga rigid support for the gearingand the nozzle box oni the compressor Y casing.

VThe ends ofthe casing 9B, .are closedby end covers'l and 9,5 rabbeted to the casing 9G. The turbine shaft i8 and the compressor shait 68 project through openingsY in the end covers 95 andrS respectively, and adjacent end portions of the shafts telescope each other. More speciically a bearing sleeve S5 issecured in the bore Eil of the turbine shaft I8 and supportsthe righthand end portion n The left-hand end of the hollen/turbine shaft i8 issupported on a journal bearing 91 secured to an inner 'wall' or partition S3 Aof thecasing 43. A portion of the turbine shait I8 nearthe bucket wheel i3 is supported byanotherjournal bearing 99 secured to an inner cylindrical procover 95. Similarly, a portion end cover 94.

The turbine sh'at .I8 is provided'with a pinion or gear le! located between the bearings 91 and Se .and the compressor shait S8 is provided with a gear H32 arranged between the bearings 91 Torque is transmitted from lthe gear i9! on the vturbine shaft to thepgear HB2 on the compressor shaftfby means oran intermediary axially spaced gears 194 and E95 secured thereto and meshing with Ithe gears mi and 52 respectively. f

The outer ends of the A.intermediary shaft 1&3 are supported by journal bearings m6 and I'l, to the inner wall of the gear housing., .1 a

t0 rings 2li and 82 i of the compressor shaft 63.

by lcentrifugal. 1

i2 for driving'the compressor'V right-hand part (when viewed in also includes means for lubribearings and gears and means to reduce leakage o lubricant from the casing Sd along the shafts i8 and 525.y The means to reduce leakage along the shaft S3 comprise labyrinth' type packings H5 and means including said packing to form a leak-off chamber llt between the packing lie and the adjacent bearing I for receiving lubricant discharged from the left-hand end of the bearing itil. Another labyrinth type packing Hl is provided to reduce leakage from the casing Sii along the shaft IE. The packing il and the adjacent bearing 88 form another leak-oir chamber H8 for receiving lubricant discharged from the right-'hand end of the bearing 99.

The space formed by the lowerl portion of the casing Se between the bearings til@ and QS forms another chamber i i@ for receiving lubricant from these bearings and from other elements oi the gearing. in order to assure thorough lubrication of the Various elements oi the gearing, a pump The gearing l2 eating the various l2i (Fig. 2) is provided fory conducting oil or lise v cant from the chambers vl it, lit and iis.

The pump E25 has an inlet i242- connectedby passages 25, E2@ and i'i formed in internal and external ribs o the casing 9@ (Fig. 2) to both leak-o chambers lie and H3. lIt should be noted that the passage ii is in front of the plane of the section represented by Fig. l, whereas the other E32 are behind that plane. From a comparison ci Figs. l and 2 it will be understood that the L.id-point or the horizontal passage 25 is vco-nnected to the pump inlet chamber 24 by the single vertical passage A25.

The pump i2?. has an inlet l2@ connected by passages E353', i3d formed in an internal rib of the casing to the left-hand part (Fig. l) of the main chamber HS. The pump G23 has an inletl I3i connected by passages l32, 32 to the Fig. l) oi the main chamber iis. The provision of two pumps 922 and E23 for. removing oil from opposite ends of the main chamber H9 is desirable in order to assure thorough scavenging of this chamber inthe various positions the gearing may assume' 'when used on an aircraft.

The pump E21) for supplying lubricant to the is not indicated. in the drawings as it does notY form a part of the present invention.

rihe lubricant removed from the chambers I i6,

H8 and HE bythe scavengingrp'umps 25,` 22` and E23 is discharged from said pumps into 'af drain conduit ist. rthe conduitlis connected to a discharge passage lei vcommunicating directly with the outlets M2 and m3 of the Ypumps 22 and iresp-ectively. The discharge passage le! is connected by a passage Me formed inthe casing @il to the outlet M5 of the pump l2l`.

The four pumps E2C,

meshing with agear example integrally 23 are provided or'removing-lubri horizontal passages 33 andY l2l, i122 and-ltare of conventional gear type design andv havedriven"l elements or rotors suitably `connected to a cornnien drive shaft M5 which latter has-agearv M114 it secured to; in the present formed with. the shaft H13"A and located between the gears |04 and |95 on this shaft. .The gears |41 and |48 are spiral gears with their axis of rotation arranged at right angles to each other.

l Fig. 3 shows the details of the scavenger pump at the extreme right end of the shaft I 46 in Fig. 2. This pump consists of gear, |2I", which may be pressed or keyed onto an extension |46 of the shaft |46, meshing with a second gear |24 supported on suitable bearings (not shown) in the pump housing. As indicated above, oil from passage |25 enters the pump inlet chamber |24, is carried by the gear teeth to the discharge chamber |45, from whence it goes through passage |44 to the oil-out passage |4|. The gears |2|, |24 are separated from the corresponding elements of oil supply pump |20 by a plate |2|', which is arranged to t closely the perimeter of the recess in the pump housing occupied by the pump gear elements, the plate |2| having suitable openings through which pass the pump gear shafts.

The above-described oil pump arrangement is representative of the arrangement of the other gear pumps |29, |22, |23.

As stated above the end covers 94 andr 95 are rabbeted to the casing 90. `They are rigidly secured to the casing by a plurality of circumferentially spaced studs |49 threaded into the end cover 95 and projecting through bores |59 formed in ribs |5| of the casing V99. The ribs |5| extend from the inner face of the end cover 95 to the adjacent inner face of the end cover 94. They act to reinforce the casing and what is more important they reduce leakage of lubricant along the studs through the openings in the end cover 94. The end cover 94 is securely fastened to the studs |49 by nuts |52.

The outer lower portion of the gearingf casing i 90 forms a curved channel |55 nected to a conduit or scoop under pressure from the slip cooling medium is conducted through the channel |55 and discharged into the space 51 formed between adjacent portions of the gearing casing, the bucket wheel and the nozzle box. Part of the cooling medium is forced from the space |51 through the openings 21 intofthe space formed between the cooling jacket 24, 25 and 26 and the nozzle box casing 2|'.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. Gearing comprising a casing, two aligned shafts having end portions overhanging from the casing and other end portions telescoping each other and supported on a central portion of the which may be con- |56 for receiving air stream. Such 'air orr comprising a casing with open end' portions, covincluding an intermediate gear shaft supported on the casing for connecting the driving and driven shafts, means including a pump for supplying lubricant to the elements of the gearing, means for removing lubricant from the gearing comprising a main chamber formed by a central portion of the casing, leak-off chambers formed by the end covers, scavenging pumping means for removing lubricant from both ends of the main chamber and other scavenging pumping means connected to both leak-on? chambers for removing lubricant therefrom, and means for driving all of the pumping means from one of said shafts.

3. A system of lubrication for a gearing having a housing, shaft and gear means enclosed therein, leak-off chambers formed at the ends of the housing and a main oil chamber formed by a central portion of the housing, said system comprising separate scavenging pump means for removing oil from the leak-olf chambers and the housing respectively, pumping means for supplying lubricant to the gearing, said pumping means having casings formed at least partly by said housing,fand means for driving all of said pumping means from one of the shaft means.

4. A system for lubricating a gearing having a housing, shaft and gear means enclosed therein and detachable end covers for the housing forming supports for the shaft means and leak-oil chambers for receiving lubricant leaking along the shaft means, a main chamber for lubricant being formed by the housing, a pump for supplying lubricant to the shaft and gear means, a scavenging pump for removing lubricant from the main chamber, scavenging pump means for removing lubricant from the leak-off chambers, and means including a gear shaft adapted ,to be driven from one of the shaft means for driving all of said pumps.

ANTHONY J. LARRECQ. 

